"1619" Episode 4: How the Bad Blood Started

Protesters marching against hospital segregation and health care inequality in front of the American Medical Association’s Chicago headquarters in 1963. Bettmann, via Getty Images

In the New York Time’s fourth episode of “1619,” titled “How the Bad Blood Started,” the podcast covers crucial events and key figures in U.S. healthcare history, including the history of Dr. Rebecca Lee Crumpler, the first Black woman to become a physician in the U.S.; the Freedmen’s Bureau Medical Division, the nation’s first federal health care program; and the work of Dr. Montague Cobb and the National Medical Association (NMA) to desegregate healthcare. Listen to this outstanding and highly informative podcast episode here.